No I use no filtration nor aeration in their tank. All I do is that I remove 10 litres of water and then it fills with rain water. Then in Spring I make a water change every week or two.
There are other Aphanius species which can be kept outside like Aphanius anatoliae, Aphanius dispar, Aphanius apodus, Aphanius sirhani ( which is a very nice striped fish). These are not as common as Aphanius mento although Aphanius dispar is bred here in Malta too and also not as hardy as the mento.
Then if you want a more colourful fish you may want to acquire some American flagfish but also they aren't that common in local fish shops.
Are you going to keep them outside?